ARTS & HUMANITIES

Division 1. This year, we used the Essential Question "What Really Matters?" to explore global literature, history and art, and our own lives.  We began the year by applying the question to students' personal lives, asking them to identify what matters most to them and why those things are of consequence.  We then read Romeo and Juliet, focusing on Shakespeare's literary techniques and performing many of the scenes.   Students answered questions and memorized a passage from the play, performing it in character. We studied multiple versions of Romeo and Juliet, including West Side Story, to see how the play has been translated into different art forms, and students translated a scene themselves.  Classes learned about the Renaissance to provide context for Shakespeare's masterpiece and students completed a research project and "I-Search" paper on any aspect of the Renaissance era. The second unit focused on Israeli-Palestinian relations.  Classes investigated the roots of the current situation, identifying the "things that matter" to individuals and groups involved and analyzing how these issues have created conflict.  Students read the novel One More River and listened to sections of the novel Habibi. At the end of the unit, students played the role of a real person involved in the conflict, presenting a persuasive rally speech and engaging in peace negotiations with representatives of other interest groups.  Classes began the final unit, entitled "Ancient Rituals and Traditions," by studying early human history, from hunter-gatherer cultures to the first settled societies.  We focused on mythology, with all students learning and retelling a Greek myth using storytelling techniques. Students listened to and read myths from Asia, Africa and Scandinavia and were asked to compare and contrast the stories.  The year culminated with a research project.  After gathering general information about an ancient culture of their choice and deeply examining an aspect of the society that "really mattered", students wrote a creative narrative and created a clay artifact that demonstrated what they had learned.

Division 2. Based upon our essential question, “What really matters?” Division 2 Arts and Humanities students explored global issues focusing first on two nation case studies followed by a broader exploration of cultural identity in a post-colonial world.   Our first case study asked, What really matters in Mexico, Why, and How do we know?  Students examined cultural artifacts, Mexican literature and history, and Mexico’s unique muralist tradition (including a trip to Dartmouth College to view the Orozco murals there).  Students wrote an analytical essay about conflicting perspectives on Mexican history.   The study culminated with each student creating an original mural depicting a major theme of Mexican culture.  The next case study, China, began with an inquiry into the Tiananmen Square massacre of 1989.  Through a focused study of Chinese films, contemporary Chinese memoirs, and related history, students gained insight to fuel a debate, an original research project, an analytical essay, and a fictional memoir.    In February, we broadened our perspective on cross-cultural contact by studying the work of Jamaica Kincaid and her focus on third world-first world issues.  This work linked with a look at the geographical and economic implications of wealth and poverty on a global scale.  To round out the year, we continued our look at cross-cultural issues by reading several novels, learning the culture and history of the setting for each one (South Africa and the Dominican Republic), studying Shakespeare’s Tempest, and developing our performance skills.  Each student created an original monologue based on formal research into the cultural context surrounding the character they chose to depict.  Each student also wrote an original play which demonstrated their understanding of the elements of dramatic style.

Division 3 Course  Selections

Note: In Division Three, students are offered a small array of classes from which to select in Arts and Humanities and in Math, Science and Technology.  The courses below may be quarter, semester or year-long offerings.

The Art of the Essay: Freeing the Writer's Voice

This course is devoted to understanding, appreciating, and writing various forms of the essay. As a class, students formed a community of writers and thinkers as they analyzed and composed a new essay each week. The first two weeks were spent reading Annie Dillard’s A Writer's Life and writing personal narratives, with subsequent weeks devoted to description, analogy, character analysis, argument/persuasion, and opinion. Careful consideration was paid to conventions and process, and students played a critical role in providing feedback for one another’s work.

Research Seminar

This course focuses on the skills of research.  Students undertook independent projects that resulted in either a paper, an oral presentation, or a piece of artistic expression.  They learned how to find good topics, how to become an effective investigator, how to manage a big process, and how to construct a meaningful presentation of findings. Several essential questions drove our work together:

1.      Why research?  Why work from a variety of sources?  Why document sources?

2.      What are essential questions and how does one find rich and worthy topics to investigate?

3.      How does a product demonstrate good research?

4.      How do you know what you say you know?

The projects could be on any topic in any discipline.  While there was choice in topic and in means of expression, the criteria for excellence in research were not a matter of choice.  Whatever their topic and medium, students had to work hard on the skills and habits involved in doing good research.

Visions of Australia

How does a nation started as a prison colony find pride in its heritage?  How does a once homogeneous population deal with its new diversity?  How does the modern nation face its aboriginal inhabitants? This course was primarily a cultural study, where our task was to look at a place and work to understand who the people are, what the land is like, and how different people see themselves and the society around them.  The following essential questions drove that study: 

1.      What is culture? 

2.      What are the elements of Australian culture?

3.      What are the myths and realities of life in Australia?

4.      What has shaped and what shapes these definitions?

We looked at history, literature, film, music, art, and other sources to see these different visions of what Australia is all about.  Our aim was to take in as much as we can and to create our own visions in the end.  The exhibition was an open project that asked students to figure out what they saw when they looked at Australia and to express their visions in written or oral or artistic form.

Visions of India

What are the elements of culture?  How does an ancient culture adapt to the forces of modernization?  How does a once–colonized people form their own independent nation?  How does a poor country provide for its people? This course was primarily a cultural study, where our task was to look at a place and work to understand who the people are, what the land is like, and how different people see themselves and the society around them.  We looked at history, literature, film, and other sources to see these different visions of what India is all about.  Our aim was to take in as much as we could and to create our own visions in the end.  The exhibition was an open project that asked students to figure out what they saw when they looked at India and to express their visions in written or oral or artistic form.

Collision 1492

The world changed forever when Columbus' ships landed in the Caribbean.  Cultures that had formed in almost complete isolation from one another came together with devastating and powerful results.  Soon the cultures of Africa would get added to the mix. This course looked at the cultures of Europe and the Americas before contact and at what happened when they came together.  As primarily a history course, the aim was to give students an understanding of the past and how that past shaped subsequent events and even today’s world. The major project of the semester was a trial that students prepared and enacted.  A lawsuit had been brought against the Spanish Government accusing it and its representatives of crimes against humanity in its conquest of Mesoamerica between 1492 and 1575, the year of the trial. Students researched participants and created witnesses who they portrayed at the trial.  They also served as the lawyers, preparing direct and cross examinations.  They were formally assessed for their witness portrayals (Artistic Expression) and their lawyer performances (Oral Presentation).  Students were also asked to understand substantial content and to use their minds well at every step, though there is no single skill to recognize that learning.

Evolution of Human Rights

This semester-long course investigated the idea of human rights over time and in the current day.  The first half of the course focused on a document-based examination of major human rights treaties and declarations, including the Magna Carta, the US Bill of Rights, the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, and various United Nations documents, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and its various protocols.  Students completed an artistic expression piece to synthesize their understanding of the tensions and issues in human rights from this perspective.  Using only brown craft paper and ebony pencils, the challenge was to select and then represent a theme from this study, then explain and support this choice in an artist’s statement.  In the second half of the semester, students examined several case studies of recent human rights issues, including the Killing Fields of Cambodia and the state of human trafficking and the international slave trade today.  In conjunction with the Cambodia study, students read First They Killed My Father and then wrote a listening thesis paper based on what they had learned in class, including lectures, film and guest speakers.  Finally, each student researched a modern human rights issue of their own choosing and presented their findings in either a formal research paper or an oral presentation.  This final project was portfolio-eligible if completed to expectations.

State of the World

This course is about understanding some of the complexities and interdependence of the modern world.  Over the next semester, we will explore a series of issues that affect the whole world, looking at their causes and their effects.  With each issue, we will try to formulate a number of different possible actions that might address the problems.  After researching, analyzing and problem-solving 3-4 such issues, we will conclude the course by debating the different proposals we generated through the course and negotiating a common agenda for the future.  Through this course, the objectives were to learn or improve habits of inquiry and critical thinking, to understand multifaceted causes and effects of important world issues, to face the difficulties of solving complex problems and negotiation, to know more about the world around us, and to leave with a sense of a personal agenda for what the world needs from us and others.

World Literature

This course was about reading, writing, and culture.  Over the semester, we journeyed to different parts of the globe, entering the lives of individuals and their cultures through novels, short stories, and films.  Students had to leave behind these comfortable shores and go to homes and villages and situations that they’d never seen in their lives and perhaps never even imagined.  We entered these worlds as guests and observers, not to judge or evaluate but to try to see and understand.  Yet they also compared what they read to their own lives, finding differences but also finding similarities.  We chose a thematic focus around issues of tradition and change, and we also looked at situations where individuals crossed cultures.  In the end, the hope was that students would learn or improve their skills as readers, they would be able to see what writers do, they would explore themes about culture, and they would explore and learn about cultures of the world.  Major assessments for the course included reading assessments on Things Fall Apart and Dreaming in Cuban, as well as Radio Plays centered around A Small Place and a final synthesis based off of Heart of Darkness.

Masks

Masks class consisted of looking at and discussing the rituals and ceremonies of masks, as well as a historical overview; Why we wear masks, and what they do for the individual and for society.  We constructed animal masks using construction paper, Mardi Gras style masks using large balloons and paper-mache and finally a four sided mask using chalk and charcoal, paint, and newspaper on a paper bag as a base to tell the story of Maurice Sendak’s Where the Wild Things Are.

Murals

During murals class this term we have looked at and created color block murals, murals focusing on repetition, positive and negative space with geometric shapes, and a final project designed to incorporate all of these elements.  Students have worked with marker, chalk and charcoal, and paint.  Each project has increased in size, starting with an 81/2 X11” sheet of paper up to a 3X7’ panels and doors.  We have discussed what a mural is, what a mural contributes to a community, and the obligation of a muralist to the work, the form and the community.

Set Design

In this semester-long class, students have been reading plays and examining the themes and ideas in the text.  Then through a series of exercises, students have been designing the scenery for those plays with hypothetical productions in mind.  The class has read Sophocles’s Antigone, where they worked in groups to design and build a half inch scale model.  Next we read Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, drawing a scale ground plan, then painting a wallpaper swatch of original design.  Students then designed The Metamorphosis and built models of their designs.  We finished the semester with Athol Fugard’s My Children! My Africa! creating designs which required consideration of all the concepts learned in previous studies

Collage

In this course, students have been given opportunities to explore not only the technique of collage, but also how to create different designs and patterns on paper.  They have been asked to look at color texture and competition.  We have used watercolor, India ink, tempera and acrylic paints applying them to different types of paper using not only brushes, but also plastic wrap, wax paper and toothbrushes.  We have used tea to stain papers as well as bleach to strip away existing color.  We have used salt to alter wet watercolor paintings, and added pigment to liquid soap to stain paper with bubble prints.  We have used color-saturated pasts to create texture and design. Once students had a substantial supply of hand made paper, they set about to create collages out of that paper.  Students were asked to choose five different sheets of their paper that related to one another and overlap then in an interesting way.  Next students were asked to use a minimum of three different papers and weave them together incorporating two objects.  Finally students were asked to choose an object or a symbol and render their chosen form six different ways, using any material they wanted using their paper as a jumping off point.

Shakespeare in Adaptation

This eight-week class explored Shakespeare’s classic dramas Macbeth and Hamlet.  Through comparative, interactive, and interpretive classroom activities, close textual reading, and video analysis, students grappled with the questions and meaning of Macbeth. Students completed word logs, in which they followed a single word throughout the play in order to trace the evolution of its symbolism and significance to the play and the characters.  This led to an analytical paper on Macbeth, which was revised by all students as the final assignment for the class.  Hamlet was also studied, although with less intensity and more individual responsibility than the first play.  Class preparation and participation were enormously important for successful understanding of the material and completion of the class.

Russia Before 1900

This course was an overview of Russian history and literature prior to 1900.  Through analytical study of the short works of Pushkin, Gogol, Dostoevsky, and Leskov and the novel A Hero of Our Time by Lermontov, students gained an understanding of and familiarity with themes in Russian history and culture.  Course work included analytical and creative writing, written responses to daily readings, and listening.  Students created their own timeline of Russian history.

Morality in Global Politics

This semester-long course explored the theme of morality in global politics by focusing on dilemmas and decision-making in 20th century world history and current events.  After reading and working with some philosophical texts on the nature of war and the moral complexities of war, student engaged in an in-depth study of World War II through a German lens.  This study brought them back to the unification of the German state under Bismarck, through World War I, the rise of the Nazi Party, and the war itself.  The ethical nature of bombing, civilian targeting, the Holocaust, the role of ordinary citizens and obedience, and American foreign policy were all examined.  The war on the Pacific front was also studied.  Students then engaged in a choice project involving reading, research, and/or oral presentation in which they could examine questions about the nature of war crimes by studying the Rape of Nanking, the Bosnian conflict or the Rwandan Massacre.  The course concluded with a look at the concept of globalization as a current paradigm for global politics and the many philosophical and foreign policy choices the United States has as it determines the role it should play in the world today.  The culminating project of the course was a synthesis piece about the content and themes of the course that could be expressed in writing or through oral presentation.  Throughout the course, students wrote weekly current events papers in which they selected articles on topics of personal interest in world affairs and then responded to them formally in writing and informally in class discussion.

World Religions

This eight-week class explored Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as practiced by people around the world.  By exploring the tenets, rituals, symbols, texts, histories, and beliefs of these three world religions, students came to a better understanding of the basic components of the faiths themselves as well as some overall conclusions about the nature and function of religion.  This class used readings, lectures and guest speakers to explore what “really matters” about each religion.  All students worked in small groups to research and then present findings about one aspect of a chosen religion.  With optional additional work above and beyond the requirements for the presentation, portfolio-eligible work was available in the skills of research and oral presentation.  All students completed a journal that reacted to and reflected on the speakers and the information communicated by the small group presentations and lectures.  This journal was assessed for listening and was portfolio-eligible.

Identity Seminar: Who Decides Who I Am?

What is identity?  How is identity shaped?  How do we perceive and project ourselves?  How do others perceive us?  How and when are we able to alter our identities?  Throughout this literature-based seminar, students explored these complex questions of identity by investigating the many factors that influence who they (and others) are.  The first unit focused on the novel, as together students read and discussed Esmerelda Santiago’s When I Was Puerto Rican.  Students then selected an additional novel to read and analyze either through an essay or an oral presentation.  For the second unit, students read a series of short stories with a particular focus on the elements of character, setting, narration, and climax.  As the culminating synthesis, students then demonstrated their understanding again through writing or oral presentation (a Mock Trial).  The third unit involved an exploration of identity-related poetry from around the world, and students simultaneously worked toward the creation of their own poetry collections.  Finally, in the fourth unit, students read, analyzed, and discussed two provocative plays: a theatrical adaptation of Kafka’s The Metamorphosis and Fugard’s Master Harold and the Boys.  As a transition between each unit, students also viewed and discussed four global films: Life is Beautiful (Italy), All About My Mother (Spain), Shall We Dance (Japan), and Cyrano de Bergerac (France).  For the culminating assignment of this course, students synthesized and applied their understanding of identity by generating their own personal memoirs and author’s statements.  Class participation and diligent completion of homework assignments also were critical components to each student’s success in this seminar.

Dance

The two components of this course were Modern Dance technique and movement exploration and composition.  Technique classes focused on safe and efficient alignment, musicality, and the retention of increasingly complex movement combinations.  Students expanded their range, control, and confidence as they mastered the concepts of alignment and developed greater physical strength and flexibility.  The movement challenged them to take risks and to dance "full-out," pushing the edges of their comfort zone.  Composition class included exercises aimed at generating, exploring, and developing original movement.  After a series of studies exploring shape, dynamics, movement initiation, contact skills and other compositional elements, students embarked on original choreographic projects, which they shared before an informal audience of parents and peers.

20th Century Russia

This course was an overview of Russian history, culture and literature in the twentieth century. Through research, reading, lectures, and guest speakers we explored the artistic blossoming of the first decades, the revolution and its aftermath, Stalin’s purges, the cultural changes of the thaw and Brezhnev years, and current issues.  Course work included a small research project and oral presentation, written responses to all readings, listening, and a major final research project on a current issue, which was shared with the class. 

Satire

This course examined the goals and methods of the satire genre through a study of classic and contemporary literature, film and TV.  After studying works by Swift, Gogol, Lu Xun, Bulgakov, George Wolfe, Charlie Chaplin, the Marx Brothers, Stanley Kubrick, Tim Robbins, Matt Groening and others, students created original projects.  Course work included analytical essays, informal written responses to readings and films, and original satire.

The Art of Public Speaking

This course was devoted to understanding, appreciating, and experimenting with various forms of public speaking.  Students studied essential techniques and strategies for effective oral communication, and they delivered three formally-assessed speeches throughout the quarter.  For the first speech, students were required to show the audience how to do something by demonstrating the process.  In the second speech, students utilized a “manuscript” to describe, analyze, or persuade the audience about a topic of their choosing.  Finally, for the third speech, students reflected upon their experiences at the Parker School and delivered “commencement addresses” for potential inclusion in our graduation ceremonies.  Throughout the quarter, careful consideration was paid to drafting and revision, and students played a critical role in providing feedback for one another's work.

Philosophical Pursuits

In 1908, Bertrand Russell wrote, “Philosophy is to be studied, not for the sake of any definitive answers to its questions, since no definite answers can, as a rule, be known to be true, but rather for the sake of the questions themselves; because these questions enlarge our conception of what is possible and serve to enrich our  intellectual potential…”  In this seminar, students took to Russell’s edict by becoming philosophers and asking fundamental questions about themselves, the world, and the intersection between themselves and the world.  The course was divided into five parts.  Part One was an introduction to philosophical thinking and logic, as students learned the major logistical fallacies and were immersed in a number of “classic” philosophical dilemmas.  Part two utilized Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World as the central text in exploring the broad history of Western Philosophy.  In Part Three, students chose and researched a particular philosopher and then explained, analyzed, and applied an aspect of his philosophy in a manner of their choosing.  Part Four was a case study in Moral Philosophy as students grappled with the timeless question of “How Should We Live?”  After reading such classics as Plato’s Republic and Hesse’s Siddhartha as well as excerpts from Machiavelli, Jefferson, and the Bible, students ultimately composed their own manifestos in response to this question.  In Part Five of the course, students were required to live according to their own philosophies and record their daily successes and frustrations; ultimately they shared their ideas and experiences in a course-ending Symposium.